send me some important 16 marks questions in operating systems CS1252 Vth sem dept of information technology?
myself doing B-TECH IT in latha mathavan engg college madurai.i want to clear this paper in current semester itself.so i need some important questions.
unit 1
PART – B (16 MARKS)
1. Explain the various types of computer systems.
2. Explain how protection is provided for the hardware resources by the operating system.
3. What are the system components of an operating system and explain them?
4. What are the various process scheduling concepts?
5. Explain about inter process communication.
6. List five services provided by an operating system. Explain how each provides
convenience to the users. Explain also in which cases it would be impossible for userlevel
programs to provide these services.
unit 2
PART – B (16 MARKS)
1. Give an overview about threads.
2. Explain in detail about the threading issues.
3. Write about the various CPU scheduling algorithms.
4. What is critical section problem and explain two process solutions and multiple process
solutions?
5. Explain what semaphores are, their usage, implementation given to avoid busy waiting
and binary semaphores.
6. Explain about critical regions and monitors
unit 3
PART – B (16 MARKS)
1. Give a detailed description about deadlocks and its characterization
2. Explain about the methods used to prevent deadlocks
3. Explain the Banker’s algorithm for deadlock avoidance.
4. Explain about contiguous memory allocation.
5. Give the basic concepts about paging.
6. Explain about the techniques for structuring the page table.
7. Explain the basic concepts of segmentation
unit 4
1. Explain the various page replacement strategies.
2. What are files and explain the access methods for files?
3. Explain the schemes for defining the logical structure of a directory.
4. Write notes about the protection strategies provided for files
5. Consider the following page reference string:
1, 2, 3, 4, 2, 1, 5, 6, 2, 1, 2, 3, 7, 6, 3, 2, 1, 2, 3, 6.
How many page faults would occur for the following replacement algorithms, assuming
one, two, three, four, five, six, or seven frames? Remember all frames are initially
empty, so your first unique pages will all cost one fault each.
• LRU replacement
• FIFO replacement
• Optimal replacement
6. A page-replacement algorithm should minimize the number of page faults. We can do
this minimization by distributing heavily used pages evenly over all of memory, rather
than having them compete for a small number of page frames. We can associate with each
page frame a counter of the number of pages that are associated with that frame. Then,
to replace a page, we search for the page frame with the smallest counter.
a. Define a page-replacement algorithm using this basic idea. Specifically address the
problems of (1) what the initial value of the counters is, (2) when counters are increased,
(3) when counters are decreased, and (4) how the page to be replaced is selected. (8)
b. How many page faults occur for your algorithm for the following reference string,
for four page frames?
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3, 4, 1, 6, 7, 8, 7, 8, 9, 7, 8, 9, 5, 4, 5, 4, 2. (4)
c. What is the minimum number of page faults for an optimal page-replacement
strategy for the reference string in part b with four page frames?
unit 5
PART – B (16 MARKS)
1. Write about the kernel I/O subsystem.
2. Explain the various disk scheduling techniques
3. Write notes about disk management and swap-space management.
4. Suppose that a disk drive has 5000 cylinders, numbered 0 to 4999. The drive is currently
serving a request at cylinder 143, and the previous request was at cylinder 125. The queue of
pending requests, in FIFO order, is
86, 1470, 913, 1774, 948, 1509, 1022, 1750, 130
Starting from the current head position, what is the total distance ((in cylinders) that the disk
arm moves to satisfy all the pending requests, for each of the following disk scheduling
CS1252 - Operating Systems
Kings College of Engineering - Punalkulam
a. FCFS
b. SSTF
c. SCAN
d. LOOK
e. C-SCAN
5. Compare the performance of C-SCAN and SCAN scheduling, assuming a uniform distribution
of requests. Consider the average response time (the time between the arrival of a request and
the completion of that request’s service), the variation in response time, and the effective
bandwidth. How does performance depend on the relative sizes of seek time and rotational
latency?
What I do with the left over money from my Pell Grant for this semester? Can I save it for next sem?
….after I have withdrawn the cash, do I keep it or do I have to deposit the "left overs" so the government can take the rest?
colleges.mywebcommunity.org - it provides some tips about applying to US federal and state grants for college students.
How can articles improve SEO ad Traffic ?
I wonder writing articles and posting it on article websites like ezeline etc, how can it help increasing the traffic ? Is there any other advantage for SEO for this ?
When you post articles on article directories like Ezine Articles, it not only increases targeted traffic but helps with SEO due to the high page rank of these directories. Pick 10 or 12 out with good page ranks, post articles to them often, and you will see after a few months that your site starts ranking higher. When you will submit Article to Article Directory there are option to put your website link in the author resource section you are allowed to put two links there by this you will get back link for your website. When some one will read your article they will click on your link which you already put author resource section they will redirected to your website by this you will gain targeted traffic
How can articles improve SEO ad Traffic ?
I wonder writing articles and posting it on article websites like ezeline etc, how can it help increasing the traffic ? Is there any other advantage for SEO for this ?
When you post articles on article directories like Ezine Articles, it not only increases targeted traffic but helps with SEO due to the high page rank of these directories. Pick 10 or 12 out with good page ranks, post articles to them often, and you will see after a few months that your site starts ranking higher. When you will submit Article to Article Directory there are option to put your website link in the author resource section you are allowed to put two links there by this you will get back link for your website. When some one will read your article they will click on your link which you already put author resource section they will redirected to your website by this you will gain targeted traffic
SEO Guide for Beginners - Lesson 1
In this article we will talk about the best methods of SEO (search engine optimization) and why it is so important to our online business.
SEO or Search Engine Optimization, as the title says, is a technique that helps (as long as it’s done right) webmasters to get a position in the results of search engines.
Everything is based on keywords mostly, keywords which define our online activity. Those keywords are the search terms that people google (now that the expression “to google” is in our dictionary we can use it as a synonym to “search”) when looking to find more informations about a certain thing.
Let’s search for example “SEO guide” on Google and see what is happening:
Ok…Google returned 14,800,000 results which should be more than enough for us to get an idea about “SEO guide”. If I was one (like many others) interested in a SEO guide and googled that expression, I think that I would find my answer in the first 10 results or lets say the first page. So what about the rest of the 14,799,990 results, what are those guys doing? How do they get traffic? We will try to answer to all of this questions in my SEO tutorials. I will not (never, ever, ever) guarantee anyone that you will see your page on the top 10 positions, that you will be the first in google or any other search engine. That’s almost impossible to achieve with the internet today and when you will find someone who says that I guess there will always be money in it so be careful where you spend them. Everything is changing and so is this SEO techique. Because of this we will stick to the standard things that a webmaster must follow to optimize his website for a better ranking.
The first thing we must do to make sure our website will be well optimized is to think very, very, very well about what our website will be. Gather all you activity (that this website will expose) and concentrate it into 1 word, 2 max. (again - think very well, this will be the keyword we will be working for).
The second thing is to chose a good domain name and title it somehow to containg that keyword (or at least 1 of them if you have 2). For example if I sell software, I would chose a domain name that would contain the word “soft”: microsoft.com, softpedia.com etc. It is very important to do this things right, the way it should be because, otherwise, you will have a lot of work to do.
Ok. So let’s build some pages. The first one and the most important page is, obviously, the home page or the index. This is the page that will welcome most of your visitors and should tell them about your activity. I would suggest a clean page with the most important things you have to say. Not too many graphics or informations because you will scare people away. Tests show that most visitors are just “browsing” and will remain on your page only if they find what they’re looking for in no more than 3 seconds so you have to think a way to build this page right. Don’t throw everything there considering that every visitor will find what he is looking for. Doing this will only make your website harder to understand and will increase the loading time (try to keep the loading time somewhere between 1 and 5 seconds otherwise there you have another good reason to scare people away - I suugest you this tool to test your pages).
We will start with the title of your page.
The title is positioned inside the elements of the page. My advice to you is to try to use your keyword at the start of your page title because it will weight more for the search engines that will crawl your site. Try not to use more than 150 - 180 characters in it and also try to use more keywords. Be very carefull because this is one of the most important thing in your pages. What ever you do, make it easy to understand, descriptive, keyword rich and relevant to your page content.
Now let’s talk about meta tags. What are “meta tags”?
- as it’s definition (An HTML tag which provides information about a web document), meta tags will help us define our page to search engines. They are positioned inside the of your document. Meta tags are invisible elements to visitors but provide a summary of our webpage. From my point of view, the most important of all is “meta description” and I will tell you why. Based on our “SEO guide” search above we had a number of 14,800,000 results with 10 results on each page. Every result has a title and a small text under it which defines (should) the page that our result is linking to - that is the meta description most of the times.
- that small description that you see in the above picture is, most of the time, the meta description of that page. If the page has no meta description than we will force search engines to guess the most relevant things from our page and display them or just show the first sentences from our page.
There we have it: a good opportunity to teel visitors what we do before they even visit us. I try to keep my “meta description” somewhere between 15 and 25 words and I also try to use my target keywords in it. Whatever you do, try to be very clear in this small description, don’t just throw your best keywords in there and that’s it. The title and this small description is all you have when it comes to search engine in order to attract visitors. Ber very specific, use keywords in a smart, clever way and you will see results.
The next thing is the meta keywords which gives you the chance to describe your website once again but this time using only the most important words (or a combination of 2,3 words maximum) separated by a comma. Ex: software, games, music, download etc. My advice to you is to use a number of words that won’t be bigger than 25 - 40. Another important advice is to try not to repeat them. It’s enough to use it once in the title, once in the meta description and once in the meta keywords section otherwise you will risk to spam the search engines that will crawl your page. A good meta tag tool to help you create your pages.
There we have it. The first step in our SEO guide.
Summary of this lesson:
a good domain name that should contain our most important keyword
a relevant, descriptive and (recommended) keyword rich title - between 100 and 180 characters.
20, 25 keywords that describe our page as per our meta keywords.
relevant, descriptive and (recommended) keyword rich meta description - between 15 and 25 words.
our most important keyword at the beginning of this elements. title, meta description and meta keywords.
John Doe
http://www.articlesbase.com/business-articles/seo-guide-for-beginners-lesson-1-78699.html
How do I optimize a blog for a search engine?
I’m a graphic and web designer, so I do understand a little bit about search engine optimization, but I’ve just never gotten it to work very well for me. I would like to start a blog, and I’d like it to be search able to the public - would it be better to make my own website, or to use something like blogger? How would I optimize it?
Thanks!
i think one great way to increase your traffic, is to share link to your web as much as possible, you can try to add to directory online such as dmoz.org, share your content on digg.com or delicioous.com or the other services. The key is make is make search engine know that your domain is important.
How do I optimize a blog for a search engine?
I’m a graphic and web designer, so I do understand a little bit about search engine optimization, but I’ve just never gotten it to work very well for me. I would like to start a blog, and I’d like it to be search able to the public - would it be better to make my own website, or to use something like blogger? How would I optimize it?
Thanks!
i think one great way to increase your traffic, is to share link to your web as much as possible, you can try to add to directory online such as dmoz.org, share your content on digg.com or delicioous.com or the other services. The key is make is make search engine know that your domain is important.
Any tips on search engine visibility for your website?
I finally made my program and finally made my website. I did everything that I needed to do. Now all I need is search engine visibility. According to some internet articles, I can make lots of sites link back to my site. But that requires signing up and that takes forever to do. So I’m looking for a way to make my site visible in a short amount of time. Any way that I can do that? Thanks in advance.
If you want visibility your website in search engine make quality back links for your website, submit your website in social media website, forum posting, blog commenting, directory submission, article writing and submission there are lots of method to get back links for your website
Any tips on search engine visibility for your website?
I finally made my program and finally made my website. I did everything that I needed to do. Now all I need is search engine visibility. According to some internet articles, I can make lots of sites link back to my site. But that requires signing up and that takes forever to do. So I’m looking for a way to make my site visible in a short amount of time. Any way that I can do that? Thanks in advance.
If you want visibility your website in search engine make quality back links for your website, submit your website in social media website, forum posting, blog commenting, directory submission, article writing and submission there are lots of method to get back links for your website
What You Need To Know About Texas Seo Firms - Part I
Hiring an Texas SEO firm can mean the difference between your business becoming bigger, like everything else in Texas, and staying the same. Let’s face it, Internet and search engine marketing will make or break your online business.
Without it, you stay invisible in a place most of your potential customers shop: the Internet. A Texas SEO firm will act as your internet marketing consultant and help you market your website and business on the Internet.
Let me tell you, without hiring a good Austin Texas SEO firm to make you highly visible, you’re missing out unheard of amounts of cash. I don’t know about you, but I like cash. The more, the better.
However, I know what goes through your mind. You’re not sure if you want to hire an internet marketing consultant to do your SEO work and, if you do, you want to know that you’re hiring the best Texas SEO firm possible.
As much as you want to make money, you also don’t want to spend it in the wrong place. Let me tell you. Spending money with a reputable Texas SEO firm will never be a waste of your hard earned dollars.
Yet, even with that said, knowing how to compare Austin Texas SEO firms to find the best one will save you money and bring increased success.
It goes without saying that a Texas SEO firm will market your sites to the search engines. These internet marketing consultants market your site to the search engines so that it ranks higher in search engine results for your chosen keywords.
So naturally, before hiring any SEO firm, you want to see their past and current clients whose sites skyrocketed to the top of the search engine results for their designated keywords. And hey, I don’t mean the top 100.
You want to see their clients in the top 5 of the major search engines (Google, Yahoo, MSN) or, at the very least, the first page of results.
What’s more, you want permission to talk to those clients. You won’t let someone baby-sit your child without references; don’t do take those chances with your business.
I advise you to do your homework about internet marketing consultants and SEO before contacting any Austin Texas SEO firm. At least know a little about SEO and what it’s all about before delving into hiring someone.
When you do your homework and studied up, you can ask intelligent questions to see if you get intelligent answers.
Just to help you out, I’ve listed some questions below that you’re going to want to ask as well as information to help you recognize the correct answers when you hear them.
1. Do they want you to sign a contract and, if so, what will be required on your part in the contract?
Ideally, you want a contract from any Austin Texas SEO firm you do business with. The contract guarantees the work will be done and exactly what gets done. It also specifies the price. Never agree to pay more than 50% up front.
Some contracts will specify that your site will carry a link to their site after the SEO work is completed. If it states this in the contract, request a discount be given for the free advertisement.
The contract should also give all copyrights to content to you if content creation will be part of their internet marketing consulting services. It should detail the work that to be done as well as the results.
Just remember that no Austin SEO firm can guarantee you top rankings. If they do, make sure you can get your money back and that you get ranked for the keywords you want.
Part two of this article is continued in another article.
Ben Jordan
http://www.articlesbase.com/marketing-articles/what-you-need-to-know-about-texas-seo-firms-part-i-124859.html